Bearings and Expansion Joints
Structural bearing systems are an important structural element designed to ensure the appropriate response to the actions for which they are designed — essentially the support and transfer of loads and the absorption of movements that are to be released or constrained without compromising the regular functioning of the structure.
Principles
Structural bearing systems are an important structural element designed to ensure the appropriate response to the actions for which they are designed — essentially the support and transfer of loads and the absorption of movements that are to be released or constrained without compromising the regular functioning of the structure.
These devices are produced essentially through the combined use of plain or reinforced rubber with static or dynamic mechanical elements. The correct selection of the type of bearing according to its intended use is essential, as is its design, the quality of the materials it is composed of, and the manufacturing process, in order to guarantee performance.
Seismic protection devices represent the most recent and significant evolution in the field of structural bearings and arise from the growing importance of seismic action in structural design. These devices offer solutions that allow existing structures — including bridges and historic buildings — to achieve adequate resistance and performance under seismic action, either through isolation or through the dissipation of energy imposed on the structure.
Ferca distributes SOMMA systems — an Italian company that has established itself as a reference in the European landscape, highly specialised in the design and production of all types of structural restraint and load support devices, road and rail expansion joints, and seismic protection devices. SOMMA is certified to EN1337 and EN15129 standards and holds patents in seismic protection devices, structural devices and expansion joints.
POT-Type Structural Bearings
Structural bearings are devices that combine mechanical and elastomeric elements to allow rotation between two structural elements and transmit the necessary loads while preventing any movements, allowing movement in one direction only, or in both directions. Three main types of structural bearing are defined — pot, fixed, cylindrical or spherical — or in SOMMA's own designations: ERGOFLON Disc, ERGOFLON Cylindrical or ERGOFLON Sphere.
Elastomeric Bearings
These bearings, produced through a vulcanisation process, combine alternating layers of elastomer and steel plates, providing the capacity for horizontal displacement and rotation in any direction through elastic deformation of the bearing itself. In the SOMMA range these bearings are designated ESAFLON and can be plain, with one or more layers of metal plate, or can include fixing plates to the structural elements.
ESOFLON TYPE B
Expansion Joints
Expansion joints, while not structural elements, contribute to their correct performance and usability by allowing continuity between two structural elements through the compatibility and accommodation of opposing movements over their service life. All joints include drainage systems and are built with materials that minimise traffic noise and maximise the comfort and safety of users in accordance with European standard ETAG32. The design of the expansion joint depends on the geometry and the expected movement between structural elements.
The tables presented here are excerpts from the respective SOMMA tables. Please visit www.ferca.pt for more detailed information on these and other types of devices, or for technical support in the design of your structural bearing or expansion joint.
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